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2016)), interface interaction (Dauzeres et al. IRSN has a wide range of expertise in material characterization at multi-scales, cement degradation, new generation cement (e.g low pH cement (Dauzeres et al. In this sense, collaboration with IRSN would definitely complement to the success of this PhD project. Furthermore, finding a suitable candidate who must have deep knowledge in cement chemistry and specially geopolymers, as well as mastering in geopolymer degradation mechanisms at multiple scales is a challenging task. The field of geopolymers, however, is a new aspect and no research related to geopolymers has been carried out so far in W&D. The expert Group W&D has built expertise in cement and concrete research for nearly ten years within many research projects focusing on durability of concrete. Such models can then be used to assess the long-term evolution of a geopolymer – waste stream system. Experimental data obtained from detailed characterizations of the nano and microstructure and mineralogy degraded geopolymer materials in certain waste streams would be useful inputs for development of model to simulate the chemico-physical evolution of geopolymers in aggressive environments either at the pore-scale or continuum scale. This PhD project will provide a comprehensive study by a combination of experiment and modelling to assess the evolution of physical and chemical properties of geopolymers in contact with various aggressive environments (representative for cetain waste streams, mainly nitrate containing waste streams from RECUMO project ). Further research on durability is however a perquisite before application of geopolymers to waste immobilization is possible. 2014 ) is well described in literature, but not available for geopolymers. Knowledge of these degradation processes of a OPC system (e.g. We expect coupled chemical degradation processes including leaching, carbonation, sulphate, chloride and nitrate attacks. Experience from ordinary Portland cement systems is not transferable because the mechanisms of degradation in a geopolymer system are significantly different from those in an OPC system because of its complex amorphous structure. Though geopolymers have been studied since few decades and get more attention in recent years, knowledge on the durability of geopolymers subjected to various aggressive environments is limited (Zhang et al. 2007), degradation of geopolymers in contact with waste streams is expected, especially combined with elevated temperature due to irradiation during hydration processes (Bart et al. Due to large geochemical gradients (Bruno et al. In cemented waste matrix and waste disposal facilities, these environments may include high sulphate and nitrate concentration, high temperature, low pH (acidic environment), and potentially exposed to radiation. Thus, besides civil engineering applications, geopolymers potentially provide an opportunity to stabilize and solidify hazardous wastes including radioactive wastes. Though AAMs in general and geopolymers specifically have many potential industrial applications in the field of civil engineering including nuclear waste management, there is a lack of knowledge on and understanding of the (long-term) durability of AAMs under environmental conditions relating to conditioning and disposing a (radioactive) waste stream.ĭue to its amorphous structure, a well-designed geopolymer offers high strength, low permeability, low shrinkage, good immobilization of heavy metals and a good binding capacity, which all are desired properties for waste disposal. Geopolymers consist of an amorphous network of aluminate and silicate tetrahedra sharing bridging oxygen atoms.
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Geopolymers are considered a sub-group of AAMs with a low calcium system in which alkali aluminosilicate (N-A-S-H) gels with pseudo-zeolitic structure are the main products. fly ash, blast furnace slag, metakaolin) and alkaline activators (e.g. AAMs are made by mixing aluminosilicates routing from several precursors (e.g. Nieuwe aanpak stroomlijnt ontmantelingsprocesĪlkali-activated materials (AAMs) have been identified as one of the potential low CO 2 alternatives (besides blended system with supplementary cementitious materials) to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) towards sustainable construction materials by conversion of several wastes streams into useful products.SCK CEN geeft nieuwe dimensie aan nucleair onderzoek.SCK CEN verzekert veiligheid van nucleaire innovatie.Van pijnbestrijding naar kankerbestrijding.Lutetium-177: naar een gepersonaliseerde geneeskunde.BR2 produceert recordhoeveelheid medische radio-isotopen.SCK CEN vervangt blus- en drinkwaternet.